- •Содержание
- •Предисловие
- •Перечень выражений, используемых в заданиях
- •Выражения классного обихода
- •Грамматические термины
- •Topic: Military Education
- •Phonetics
- •Word-building
- •The Pronouns (местоимения)
- •The Numerals (числительные)
- •The Prepositions of Time (предлоги времени)
- •The Modal Verbs (модальные глаголы)
- •The Degrees of Comparison (степени сравнения прилагательных)
- •The Word Order (порядок слов)
- •Структура английского предложения
- •Повествовательное предложение
- •Cadets study English at the military Academy.
- •2. Вопросительное предложение
- •The Present Tenses (времена английского глагола в настоящем времени)
- •The Types of Questions (типы вопросов)
- •! Mind the following question words to ask about:
- •The Infinitive (инфинитив)
- •Vocabulary
- •Text a Cadets’ Life at the Academy
- •Speech practice
- •Text b The Massachusetts State Police Academy
- •Text c Academy Rules and Regulations
- •Text 1 Preparation for Admission
- •Academic Program
- •Conversion (конверсия)
- •Grammar Regular and Irregular Verbs (правильные и неправильные глаголы)
- •The Past Tenses (времена английского глагола в прошедшем времени)
- •Образование и употребление форм прошедшего времени в активном залоге
- •The Participles I, II (причастия I, II)
- •Обстоятельства:
- •3. Части сказуемого (выраженного Continuous или Perfect Continuous):
- •2. Обстоятельства:
- •3. Части сказуемого (выраженного Perfect Active или Passive Voice):
- •The Equivalents of the Modal Verbs (эквиваленты модальных глаголов)
- •Reading Dates (чтение дат)
- •Vocabulary
- •To be born into a family of ...
- •Text a My Father is a Lawyer
- •3. Эквиваленты модальных глаголов в прошедшем времени;
- •Text b a. F. Koni
- •Text c Chief Justice of the usa
- •Text 1 a. M. Kennedy
- •Text 2 Arthur Conan Doyle
- •Topic: Political Set-Up of the English-Speaking Countries Text a: The usa Political Set-Up Text b: The uk Political Set-Up
- •Phonetics
- •Word-building
- •The Usage of the Pronouns
- •(Употребление местоимений
- •The Pronouns "some / any / no" and their derivatives (местоимения "some / any / no" и их производные)
- •The Noun Attribute Group (существительные в качестве определений)
- •The Functions of the Word "one" (функции слова "one")
- •The Future Tenses (времена английского глагола в будущем времени)
- •The Gerund (герундий)
- •The Verbal Noun (отглагольное существительное)
- •Vocabulary
- •Text a The us Political Set-Up
- •Speech practice
- •Organization of the us Government
- •Text b The uk Political Set-Up
- •Model: What … kind of State? – What kind of State is Great Britain? – Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy.
- •The uk Political Set-Up
- •Text c The usa Constitution
- •Text 1 The System of Government
- •Text 2 Great Britain - a Constitutional Monarchy
- •Types of Clauses Multifunctional Words: "that", "it"
- •Phonetics
- •Word-building
- •Grammar The Passive Voice (страдательный залог)
- •The Types of Clauses (типы придаточных предложений)
- •Бессоюзные придаточные предложения
- •The Functions of the word "it" (функции слова "it")
- •The Functions of the word "that / those" (функции слова "that / those")
- •Vocabulary
- •Text a An Introduction to Law
- •3. Придаточные предложения, определите их тип;
- •Speech practice
- •Text b Court systems in the English-speaking countries
- •Text c legal agencies of the russian federation
- •Text 1 What is Constitutional Law
- •Text 2 Judiciary
- •Indirect Speech Conditional clauses
- •Phonetics
- •Word-building Сложные прилагательные состоят:
- •Grammar The Sequence of Tenses (согласование времен)
- •The Indirect Speech (косвенная речь)
- •Изменения местоимений и наречий времени в косвенной речи
- •The Conditional clauses (придаточные предложения условия)
- •Типы условных предложений
- •Vocabulary
- •Text a The Profession of a Lawyer
- •4. Придаточные предложения, определите их тип;
- •Speech practice
- •Text b Types of Legal Professions in Great Britain
- •Task 7*. Speak on the topic "Legal Profession" using the given table. Legal profession
- •Text c Jurisprudence as a Career
- •Deputy secretary
- •Temporary solicitor
- •Deputy secretary professional practice
- •The court of justice of the european communities in luxembourg
- •Lawyer-linguists
- •Text 2 Judge’s "respectful" plea for plainer English
- •Topic: Law-Enforcement Bodies
- •Phonetics
- •Word-building
- •The Objective with the Infinitive – Complex Object (объектный падеж с инфинитивом – сложное дополнение)
- •The Nominative with the Infinitive – Complex Subject (именительный падеж с инфинитивом – сложное подлежащее)
- •2) Complex Subject.
- •The Emphatic Construction (эмфатическая конструкция)
- •Vocabulary
- •Text a The Work of the Police in Great Britain
- •Routine Police Work in the uk
- •The Oath of the British Сonstable
- •Text b Police Powers
- •International Criminal Police Organization or Interpol
- •Text 1 The British Police
- •Text 2 What to do if you see or hear anything suspicious – Dial 999
- •4. Public international law is the set of rules that governs international organisations like the United Nations.
- •5. When the Appellate Court publishes its opinion on a case, that opinion may create new case law.
- •6. Substantive law is concerned with all rules of conduct except those involved in enforcement.
- •14. By the end of the last month the members of the Supreme Court ... By the government.
- •16. Civil procedure is used when a civil law ... .
- •19. Associate justices ... By the President in a week.
- •24. After the verdict of a jury has been returned, the judge gives a judgement.
- •4. It’s difficult these days for a young person to find ... Job.
- •5. The defendant wrote a ... .
- •6. The ... Centre of the United States is the Capitol with its great House of Representatives and Senate Chamber.
- •12. He didn’t decide whether he would take the examination to become an attorney ... .
- •14. The teacher told us that there were interesting judicial magazines in the reading hall ... .
- •16. We wondered if he would raise this problem at the next meeting.
- •19. Nick said, "I served in the Army two years ago".
- •24. If her English were not good, she ... English books in the original.
- •Приложение Фонетический справочник
- •Грамматический справочник
- •Irregular Verbs
- •Cравнительные конструкции
- •Сводная таблица видо-временных форм глагола
- •Основные суффиксы и префиксы
- •Англо-русский словарь
Cравнительные конструкции
Если перед прилагательными в сравнительной степени стоят усилительные слова much, still, far, то они обычно переводятся словами "гораздо", "еще", "намного":
much / far / larger |
намного (гораздо) больше |
still larger |
еще больше |
a bit larger |
немного (чуть-чуть) больше |
Для сравнения и сопоставления, выражения большей или меньшей степени качеств предметов используются различные слова и выражения.
as … as |
такой же как |
not so … as / not as … as |
не такой как |
twice as … as |
в два раза …, чем … |
as … as possible |
как можно … |
… than … |
… чем |
the … the … |
чем … тем … |
Сводная таблица видо-временных форм глагола
|
|
Simple |
Continuous |
Perfect |
Perfect Continuous |
PRESENT |
Active |
V0 V s (es) |
am is + V ing are |
has + V ed have |
has + been + V ing have |
Passive |
am is + V ed are
|
am is + being +V ed are
|
has + been + V ed have
|
совпадает с
Present Perfect Passive |
|
PAST |
Active |
V ed / V 2
|
was + V ing were |
had + V ed |
had been + V ing |
Passive |
was + Ved were |
was being + Ved were |
had been + V ed |
совпадает с
Past Perfect Passive |
|
FUTURE |
Active |
shall + V0 will + |
shall + be + V ing will + |
shall + have + V ed will + |
shall + have been +V ing will + |
Passive |
shall + be V ed will + |
___ |
shall + have been V ed will + |
совпадает с
Future Perfect Passive |
Основные суффиксы и префиксы
СУФФИКСЫ ГЛАГОЛА |
||
1. – ate (читается [ eit ]) |
decorate, graduate |
|
2. – ise / – ize |
memorise, organize |
|
3. – (i)fy |
satisfy, purify |
|
4. – en |
widen, deepen |
|
СУФФИКСЫ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ |
||
1. – er / – or |
commander, operator |
|
2. – ant / – ent (образует также прилагательные) |
assistant, president |
|
3. – ist |
economist |
|
4. – ism |
humanism |
|
5. – ness |
happiness |
|
6. – ment |
government, movement |
|
7. – ion / – (a)tion / – sion |
demonstration, formation, devision |
|
8. – ance / – ence / – ency |
assistance, difference, tendency |
|
9. – (i)ty |
activity, safety |
|
10. – ship |
leadership |
|
11. – ure |
pressure |
|
12. – age |
passage |
|
13. – ate (читается [it]) (образует также прилагательные и глаголы) |
graduate |
|
14. – dom |
Kingdom |
|
15. – ee (ударение на суффикс) |
appointee |
|
16. – ics |
electronics |
|
17. – hood |
chidhood |
|
18. – man |
Englishman |
|
19. – ese (образует также прилагательные) |
Chinese
|
|
20. – (i)an (образует также прилагательные) |
American |
|
21. – ing (от глаголов) |
meeting |
|
22. – ture |
feature, mixture |
|
23. – (i)cian / – (a/o)rian |
politician, historian |
|
ПРЕФИКСЫ |
СУФФИКСЫ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ |
|
с отрицательным значением
anti – : anti-war counter – : counter-weight un – : unhappy, unload in – : independence, indefinite im – : impossible ir – : irregular il – : illegal dis – : disappear, disadvantage de – : decode, dewater non – : non-conductor, non-ferrous |
– ive |
active |
– able / ible |
reliable, responsible |
|
– ent / ant |
dependent, pleasant |
|
– al |
industrial |
|
– ic |
atomic |
|
– ful |
beautiful |
|
– less |
careless |
|
– y |
windy |
|
– proof |
soundproof |
|
– ary |
parliamentary |
|
– ate читается [it] |
accurate, separate |
|
bi –: bicameral |
– ern |
eastern |
co – : cooperate |
– y |
ready, roomy |
extra – : extraordinary |
– (i)ous |
dangerous |
multi – : multinational |
– ish |
bluish |
out – : outgrow (перерасти)
|
СУФФИКСЫ НАРЕЧИЙ |
|
over – : overcome, overload |
– ly |
|
post – : postgraduate (аспирант) |
Adj – completely - полностью |
|
pre – : predetermine (предопределять) |
N – partly – частично |
|
re – : reorganize |
P I – increasingly – во все более возрастающих размерах |
|
sub – : subsystem |
P II – repeatedly – повторно, неоднократно |
|
super – : superheat |
Num. – firstly – во-первых |
|
trans – : transformation |
– ward |
|
ultra – : ultra-violet |
upward(s) – вверх |
|
under – : underground (подземный), underestimate (недооценивать) |
forward, backward – вперед, назад |
|
uni – : unidirectional (один, тот же самый) |
– wise
|
|
up – : up-date (модернизировать) |
clockwise – по часовой стрелке |
|