- •Содержание
- •Предисловие
- •Перечень выражений, используемых в заданиях
- •Выражения классного обихода
- •Грамматические термины
- •Topic: Military Education
- •Phonetics
- •Word-building
- •The Pronouns (местоимения)
- •The Numerals (числительные)
- •The Prepositions of Time (предлоги времени)
- •The Modal Verbs (модальные глаголы)
- •The Degrees of Comparison (степени сравнения прилагательных)
- •The Word Order (порядок слов)
- •Структура английского предложения
- •Повествовательное предложение
- •Cadets study English at the military Academy.
- •2. Вопросительное предложение
- •The Present Tenses (времена английского глагола в настоящем времени)
- •The Types of Questions (типы вопросов)
- •! Mind the following question words to ask about:
- •The Infinitive (инфинитив)
- •Vocabulary
- •Text a Cadets’ Life at the Academy
- •Speech practice
- •Text b The Massachusetts State Police Academy
- •Text c Academy Rules and Regulations
- •Text 1 Preparation for Admission
- •Academic Program
- •Conversion (конверсия)
- •Grammar Regular and Irregular Verbs (правильные и неправильные глаголы)
- •The Past Tenses (времена английского глагола в прошедшем времени)
- •Образование и употребление форм прошедшего времени в активном залоге
- •The Participles I, II (причастия I, II)
- •Обстоятельства:
- •3. Части сказуемого (выраженного Continuous или Perfect Continuous):
- •2. Обстоятельства:
- •3. Части сказуемого (выраженного Perfect Active или Passive Voice):
- •The Equivalents of the Modal Verbs (эквиваленты модальных глаголов)
- •Reading Dates (чтение дат)
- •Vocabulary
- •To be born into a family of ...
- •Text a My Father is a Lawyer
- •3. Эквиваленты модальных глаголов в прошедшем времени;
- •Text b a. F. Koni
- •Text c Chief Justice of the usa
- •Text 1 a. M. Kennedy
- •Text 2 Arthur Conan Doyle
- •Topic: Political Set-Up of the English-Speaking Countries Text a: The usa Political Set-Up Text b: The uk Political Set-Up
- •Phonetics
- •Word-building
- •The Usage of the Pronouns
- •(Употребление местоимений
- •The Pronouns "some / any / no" and their derivatives (местоимения "some / any / no" и их производные)
- •The Noun Attribute Group (существительные в качестве определений)
- •The Functions of the Word "one" (функции слова "one")
- •The Future Tenses (времена английского глагола в будущем времени)
- •The Gerund (герундий)
- •The Verbal Noun (отглагольное существительное)
- •Vocabulary
- •Text a The us Political Set-Up
- •Speech practice
- •Organization of the us Government
- •Text b The uk Political Set-Up
- •Model: What … kind of State? – What kind of State is Great Britain? – Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy.
- •The uk Political Set-Up
- •Text c The usa Constitution
- •Text 1 The System of Government
- •Text 2 Great Britain - a Constitutional Monarchy
- •Types of Clauses Multifunctional Words: "that", "it"
- •Phonetics
- •Word-building
- •Grammar The Passive Voice (страдательный залог)
- •The Types of Clauses (типы придаточных предложений)
- •Бессоюзные придаточные предложения
- •The Functions of the word "it" (функции слова "it")
- •The Functions of the word "that / those" (функции слова "that / those")
- •Vocabulary
- •Text a An Introduction to Law
- •3. Придаточные предложения, определите их тип;
- •Speech practice
- •Text b Court systems in the English-speaking countries
- •Text c legal agencies of the russian federation
- •Text 1 What is Constitutional Law
- •Text 2 Judiciary
- •Indirect Speech Conditional clauses
- •Phonetics
- •Word-building Сложные прилагательные состоят:
- •Grammar The Sequence of Tenses (согласование времен)
- •The Indirect Speech (косвенная речь)
- •Изменения местоимений и наречий времени в косвенной речи
- •The Conditional clauses (придаточные предложения условия)
- •Типы условных предложений
- •Vocabulary
- •Text a The Profession of a Lawyer
- •4. Придаточные предложения, определите их тип;
- •Speech practice
- •Text b Types of Legal Professions in Great Britain
- •Task 7*. Speak on the topic "Legal Profession" using the given table. Legal profession
- •Text c Jurisprudence as a Career
- •Deputy secretary
- •Temporary solicitor
- •Deputy secretary professional practice
- •The court of justice of the european communities in luxembourg
- •Lawyer-linguists
- •Text 2 Judge’s "respectful" plea for plainer English
- •Topic: Law-Enforcement Bodies
- •Phonetics
- •Word-building
- •The Objective with the Infinitive – Complex Object (объектный падеж с инфинитивом – сложное дополнение)
- •The Nominative with the Infinitive – Complex Subject (именительный падеж с инфинитивом – сложное подлежащее)
- •2) Complex Subject.
- •The Emphatic Construction (эмфатическая конструкция)
- •Vocabulary
- •Text a The Work of the Police in Great Britain
- •Routine Police Work in the uk
- •The Oath of the British Сonstable
- •Text b Police Powers
- •International Criminal Police Organization or Interpol
- •Text 1 The British Police
- •Text 2 What to do if you see or hear anything suspicious – Dial 999
- •4. Public international law is the set of rules that governs international organisations like the United Nations.
- •5. When the Appellate Court publishes its opinion on a case, that opinion may create new case law.
- •6. Substantive law is concerned with all rules of conduct except those involved in enforcement.
- •14. By the end of the last month the members of the Supreme Court ... By the government.
- •16. Civil procedure is used when a civil law ... .
- •19. Associate justices ... By the President in a week.
- •24. After the verdict of a jury has been returned, the judge gives a judgement.
- •4. It’s difficult these days for a young person to find ... Job.
- •5. The defendant wrote a ... .
- •6. The ... Centre of the United States is the Capitol with its great House of Representatives and Senate Chamber.
- •12. He didn’t decide whether he would take the examination to become an attorney ... .
- •14. The teacher told us that there were interesting judicial magazines in the reading hall ... .
- •16. We wondered if he would raise this problem at the next meeting.
- •19. Nick said, "I served in the Army two years ago".
- •24. If her English were not good, she ... English books in the original.
- •Приложение Фонетический справочник
- •Грамматический справочник
- •Irregular Verbs
- •Cравнительные конструкции
- •Сводная таблица видо-временных форм глагола
- •Основные суффиксы и префиксы
- •Англо-русский словарь
Vocabulary
Ex. 34. Memorize the active vocabulary.
agency (n), (syn.) body amendment (n) approval (n) branch (n) chairman (n) chamber (n), (syn.) house commander-in-chief (n) county (n) constituency (n) department (n) judiciary (n)
majority (n) minority (n) office (n) official (n), (syn.) officer power (n), (syn.) authority removal (n) right (n) secretary (n), (syn.) minister tax (n) term (n) vote (n, v) adopt (v) appoint (v) approve (v) carry out (v), (syn.) perform choose (v) chose, chosen divide (v) elect (v) empower (v) establish (v), (syn.) set up execute (v) govern (v) involve (v) legislate (v) (syn.) make laws preside (v) remove (v) represent (v) vest in (v) bicameral (adj) executive (adj) judicial (adj) judiciary (adj) legislative (adj) |
орган поправка одобрение ветвь власти председатель палата главнокомандующий округ (Am), графство (Br) избирательный округ министерство 1. суд, судебная власть, судебная система; 2. судоустройство; 3. лица судебной профессии, судьи, судейский корпус большинство меньшинство 1. должность, пост; 2. министерство чиновник, должностное лицо власть, (pl) полномочия смещение (с должности) право министр (государственный) налог, пошлина срок полномочий голос, голосование, голосовать принимать назначать одобрять выполнять выбирать, избирать делить(ся), разделять(ся) (- into) выбирать уполномочивать, разрешать основывать, учреждать исполнять, выполнять, осуществлять управлять вовлекать, затрагивать, включать (в себя) издавать законы председательствовать смещать (с должности), устранять представлять облекать, наделять двухпалатный исполнительный судебный законный, судебный, судейский законодательный |
Ex. 35. Pay attention to the translation of the following word combi- nations and memorize them.
the Supreme Court the House of Representatives the House of Lords the House of Commons Chief Justice
Associate Justice
deputy Minister / under-secretary the Secretary of State (US) the upper (lower) chamber (house) |
Верховный Суд Палата Представителей Палата Лордов Палата Общин 1. председатель Верховного суда США; 2. главный судья, председательствующий судья 1. член Верховного суда; 2. помощник председателя Верховного суда заместитель Госсекретарь верхняя (нижняя) палата |
LEXICAL EXCERСISES
Ex. 36. Give the Russian equivalents to the international words.
1. Constitution, federal, federation, republic, function, principle, administration, President, Vice-President, Speaker, minister, Parliament, Congress, Senate, jurisdiction;
2. principal organ, final appellate tribunal, to form the official Opposition, to prepare official documents, to lead the Cabinet, to represent a population, to act as a Speaker, to finance the operation.
Ex. 37. Match the two columns.
1. to adopt 2. to appoint 3. to approve 4. to vote 5. to legislate 6. to elect 7. to establish 8. to involve
|
1. одобрять 2. издавать законы 3. управлять 4. основывать, учреждать 5. назначать 6. вовлекать, включать (в себя) 7. представлять 8. советовать 9. выбирать 10. принимать 11. голосовать |
Ex. 38. Make up word combinations with the verbs above. Translate them into Russian.
The Constitution; the amendments; all important officials; the interpretation of the Constitution; for four years; federal courts; many governmental questions; by majority of votes; for an indefinite term; by secret ballot; the President, Vice-President and the President’s Cabinet; various functions; federal judges; federal law conflicts; by popular vote.
Ex. 39. Match adjectives with nouns and translate them.
1. constitutional, international, human 2. legislative, executive, judicial 3. conservative, national, central 4. upper, lower, law-making 5. federal, basic, fundamental |
1. branches 2. government 3. chamber 4. rights 5. laws |
Ex. 40. Find the word/word combination with the most general meaning in each section.
1. Congress, the House of Representatives, legislative organ, the Senate;
2. Supreme Court, federal courts, judicial branch, federal judges;
3. President, Secretary, Minister, statesman;
4. President, executive branch, Vice-President, President’s Cabinet.
Ex. 41. Translate the following attributive groups.
Three main government branches; the legislative branch function; the executive branch powers; the federal government judicial branch; each Senator mission; the two stage presidential election; Cabinet members President’s appointment; any Cabinet member removal; nation’s elite law schools; the US Senate special powers limitation.
Ex. 42. Arrange the synonyms in pairs. Mind! Several variants are possible.
1. power 2. to establish 3. to legislate 4. legislator 5. to elect 6. house 7. to involve 8. to carry out 9. to divide 10. official (n) 11. department 12. state (n) 13. to adopt
|
1. officer 2. to fulfil 3. to separate 4. right (n) 5. to make laws 6. authority 7. to set up 8. nation 9. to choose 10. to execute 11. office 12. chamber 13. to contain 14. to perform 15. to accept 16. lawmaker 17. to include |
Ex. 43. Match the meaning (A) with the correct word (B).
A B
1. the group of people who govern (esp. a nation or state) 2. a law or set of laws 3. the choosing by vote of a representative to take an official (political) position 4. the choosing someone for a position or job 5. elected law-making body 6. the person who is the head of a government, committee, etc. 7. the carrying out or completion of an order, plan or work 8. a public official who has the power to decide questions brought before a law court |
1. execution 2. chamber 3. judge 4. chairman 5. legislation 6. election 7. appointment 8. government
|
Ex. 44. Make up word combinations and translate them.
to advise |
~ legally; ~ officially; ~ strongly; ~ President on financial matters; ~ Speaker on a question; |
to adopt
|
~ formally; ~ the Constitution; ~ several amendments to the Constitution; ~ a candidate for election; |
to appoint |
~ officially; ~ a chairman; ~ a representative; ~ judges for life; ~ Cabinet members; |
to approve |
~ completely; ~ partially; ~ Vice-President’s report; ~ President’s appointment; |
to carry out |
~ quickly; ~ completely; ~ successfully; ~ governmental policy; ~ the election analysis; ~ President’s order; |
to choose |
~ carefully; ~ mistakenly; ~ by secret vote; ~ by election; ~ by show of hands; ~ by secret ballot; ~ between the candidates; |
to represent |
~ the queen; ~ District of Columbia; ~ a country; ~ a government; ~ a constituency; ~ a county (Am / Br). |
Ex. 45. State the part of speech of the words in bold. Read and translate the sentences.
1. The number of Representatives depends on the population. The House of Representatives numbers 435 members.
2. The U. S. Supreme Court functions as a final appellate tribunal. Their functions are to make laws and finance the operation of the government.
3. Only the President appoints such high officials as Cabinet members, federal judges, etc. The Supreme Court begins its official work year on the 1st of October. The Supreme Court judges the constitutionality of law acts passed by the Congress.
4. The executive branch includes the President, Vice-President and the President's cabinet. The President is the chief executive of the State.
5. The secretaries of the major eleven executive departments form "the Cabinet". This form of management is rather effective.
6. In the USA the heads of departments are not members of the Congress. In Great Britain the monarch also heads the Established Church of England.
7. The US Congress cannot change the powers given to the Supreme Court by the Constitution itself. The Government has proposed major changes in tax policy.
Ex. 46. Fill in the blanks with the words / word combinations given bellow.
1. The United States of America was … by the Constitution in 1787.
2. The US federal government is divided into three …: the legislative, the executive and the judicial.
3. The legislative branch of the government … the Congress.
4. … of the Congress is for two years.
5. The … is responsible for administering and executing the laws.
6. Only the President can … Cabinet members for an indefinite term.
7. The third branch of the US government is the fedderal … .
8. The Supreme Court of the USA is … judging the constitutionality of acts of law.
1. the term; 2. responsible for; 3. appoint; 4. is vested in; 5. main branches; 6. judiciary; 7. executive branch; 8. established.
READING